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教你林地养鸡减少成本


时间:2012-08-29 16:10:13  来源:  作者:加入收藏】 【关闭窗口

 

 

 

   随着,机械化饲料养鸡技术的引进,大大改变和充实了肉食市场。然而,随着生活水平的提高,人们对这种生长快但肉质较差饲料鸡逐渐厌倦,甚至抵制。因此,必须通过对鸡饲养方法的探讨,解决快长与肉质之间的矛盾,以满足不断增长的社会对肉食的需要。

    林地养鸡,必须选择合适林分。林冠较稀疏、冠层较高(4~5米)以上、郁闭度在0.5~0.6之间的林分,透光和通气性能较好,而且林地杂草和昆虫较丰富,有利于鸡苗的生长和发育。林分郁闭度大于0.8或小于0.3时,均不利于鸡苗生长。据调查,海南琼海、万宁养鸡最多,家庭式小养鸡场设在桉树林内,其他林分如相思林、灌木林、杂木林等因枝叶过于茂密,遮阴度大,不合适林地养鸡。另外,橡胶林内也是很好的养鸡场所。目前橡胶多采取宽行密植株经营方式,虽然树冠浓密,透光度小,但行距大,树冠高(3米以上),林内宽隙较大。许多农场工人在橡胶林内办养鸡场,也获得良好效果。广东、广西群众则多在马尾松林以及荔枝、芒果等林内养殖,也很成功。

    林内养鸡的鸡舍应选在透光度较大(0.5左右)、通风透气条件较好的平缓地段。一般养2批后即搬迁,以免出现鸡瘟,故多用简易材料如油毡纸(沥青纸)、石棉瓦、竹木等建竹木结构鸡舍。一般来说,一人每批养鸡约4000只,鸡舍大小为30~50平方米,其中养殖人生活区6~8平方米,小鸡舍6~10平方米,大鸡舍10~25平方米。养殖场大小根据规模而定。林内养鸡,鸡苗多在鸡舍附近50平方米范围内活动,很少超过100平方米。鸡舍建成后,用1%~3%福尔马林等消毒后即可养鸡。鸡苗开始用小鸡饲料在小鸡舍内喂养20天,然后在大鸡舍内喂养,并逐渐开始放养。一般早放寻食,午、晚喂饲料,以弥补天然饲料的不足。放养时饲料可多样化,即稻谷、玉米和饲料配合喂养,可降低成本,提高肉质。放养至50天后再次关入栏内,增加精饲料进行催肥,60天后即可出售。为防止鸡瘟蔓延,1个月左右给小鸡打一次防疫针。第一次成鸡出栏后,彻底清除栏(圈)内及其周围鸡屎及杂物,并用福尔马林等消毒药液消毒,3天后再进鸡苗喂养。若第三次喂养,则与第二次一样清杂消毒后再喂养。一般每个林段喂养2次后搬迁,最多不超过3次,以免导致鸡瘟的发生和蔓延。

    林内养鸡可减少饲料10%,成本降低10%~20%,鸡因跑动肉质提高,市场售价比圈养者高10%~20%,比家养鸡(放养鸡)低50%以上。由于林内小气候条件的改善,有利于鸡苗生长发育;反过来,鸡粪可以肥林,促进林木生长,鸡和林木之间互相利用和依存关系,形成了资源利用的良性循环。由此看来林地养鸡很有发展潜力,也有市场竞争力。


    With the introduction of mechanized feed chickens technology has dramatically changed and enriched meat market. However, with the improvement of living standards, the people of this fast-growing fleshy poor feed chicken grew tired, and even resisted. Therefore, must of chicken farming methods to solve the contradiction between the fast long and fleshy, in order to meet growing social needs meat.

    Woodland and chickens, you must choose the right stand. Canopy sparse canopy (4-5 meters) above the canopy density from 0.5 to 0.6 between the stand, better light transmission and ventilation performance, but also the woodland rich in weeds and insects, beneficial chicks growth and development. Canopy density greater than 0.8 or less than 0.3, are not conducive to the growth of chicks. According to the survey, Qionghai, Wanning chicken up, the family chicken farm located in the eucalyptus forest, the other stands as mangium too dense foliage, shrubbery, weed trees, shade degree, inappropriate woodland chickens. In addition, the rubber plantation is also good chicken farms are. Rubber and more to take the mode of operation of the wide rows secret plants, dense canopy, transmittance, but the line spacing, canopy high (3 meters), Rinnai wide gap larger. Many farm workers in the rubber plantation and a chicken farm, and also to get good results. Guangdong, Guangxi masses are mostly in masson pine forest and lychee, mango forest farming, is also very successful.

    The Rinnai chicken coop to be elected in large transmittance (0.5%), better conditions for ventilation gentle lot. The general raising 2 batches after relocation, in order to avoid the fowl plague, so the use of simple materials such as felt paper (tar paper), asbestos, bamboo and bamboo construction structure coop. Generally, one each batch of chicken is about 4000, sheds of 30 to 50 meters in size, wherein the culture of living areas of 6 to 8 meters, the small sheds 6 to 10 square meters, a large sheds 10 to 25 square meters. The size of the farm scale. The Rinnai chickens, chicks and more activities in the range of 50 square meters near the chicken coop, and rarely more than 100 square meters. Coop after the completion of the 1% to 3% formalin and other disinfection to raise chickens. Chicks start with chicks feed chicks Chenet fed for 20 days, and then the big sheds in the feeding, and gradually began stocking. Generally put as early as foraging, afternoon, evening feeding fodder to make up for the lack of natural feed. Stocking feed can be diverse, rice, corn, and feed with feeding, can reduce costs and improve meat quality. Stocking to 50 days off again into the bar to increase the concentrate feed fatten to 60 days after the sale. To prevent fowl plague spread, about a month to chicks every jab. First into a chicken slaughter, the elimination of the bar (circle) and around the chicken droppings and debris, and disinfection disinfection liquid such as formalin, three days later into the day-old chicks to feed. Third feeding, and the second Qing miscellaneous disinfected before feeding. Generally speaking, each stand feeding 2 times to relocate up to more than three times, so as not to lead to the occurrence and spread of fowl plague.

    The the Rinnai chicken feed 10% reduction in cost reduction of 10% to 20%, chicken running fleshy improve, the market price is higher than in captivity by 10% to 20%, than the home chicken (, put chicken) more than 50% lower . A result of the improvement in the Rinnai climate conditions conducive to the growth and development of chicks; turn chicken manure fertilizer Lin, promote tree growth, and dependencies between the chicken and the trees, forming a virtuous circle of resource utilization. Seen in this light woodland chicken is great potential for development, and market competitiveness.

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